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The Century of the Photon

Pacific Photonics concentrates on serving organizations making or using imaging technologies.  Whether your need is for product definition, marketing or planning, vendor selection, competitive evaluation, technology assessment, or any of the other critical activities that arise in taking imaging products to market just look at the list of technologies below.  If any of these are part of your plans, we can help.


Image Sensors

Image Sensing Technology

Every day new image sensing devices come on the market.  For years, these were CCD imagers.  Now, increasingly, they are CMOS devices or large area amorphous silicon arrays.  Many newer devices incorporate timing generation or digitizing or even image processing right on the sensing chip.  Soon, there will even be all-polymer imagers.  Selecting the right imager, whether chip, board or camera, is getting both easier and more difficult - the wide variety improves the chance of finding just the right unit but the sheer number of choices makes the evaluation task daunting.  Some typical choices presented to us could include 
  • CCD, CID or CMOS sensors and cameras - line or area scan, frame or interline transfer, raster or TDI scanning, color or monochrome
  • Large area sensor panels - Amorphous silicon on glass, with or without x-ray conversion layers, as sensors alone or packaged with drivers and readout amplifiers
  • Infrared sensors - Crystalline or thin film or micromachined, cooled or uncooled, monolithic or bonded
  • Cameras on a chip - from sensors with a little extra circuitry to complete cameras (power in/video out)
  • Custom devices - Specials of any kind: pixel configuration, environmental constraints, spectral sensitivity, scan configuration, tiling 

Imaging Components

Imaging Components Technology

Just beyond the sensor, the variety of devices needed to make high-performance imaging systems explodes.  On the "before" side are sensor drivers and timing generators and power supplies and optics.  On the "after" side are low-noise amplifiers and digitizers, and image processors.  Everywhere there are interfaces.  For a product to work as needed, all of these must be right.  As more of these complex functions are reduced to silicon, pixels shrink and arrays grow, the need to maximize all of the tradeoffs might lead us to investigate
  • Multichannel devices - scan drivers, sense amplifiers, color processors, A/D converters, multiplexers, serializers
  • Image processors - mostly digital, for rotation, scaling, convolution, filtering, multiplication, subtraction, compensation, recognition, classification, measurement, integration, warping, interpolation, enhancement
  • Optical components - lenses, filters, prisms, splitters, shutters, collimators, modulators, illuminators, image guides, fiber reducers, compensators, intensifiers
  • Controls and interfaces - standard computers or embedded controllers, EISA, SCSI, USB, FireWire, RS-232, Ethernet, parallel, IrDA, analog video (RS-170, 343, PAL, HDTV), digital video (AIA, SMPTE), telephone, wireless, custom

Imaging Systems

Imaging Systems Technology

As more and more imaging systems become just sensors connected to powerful personal computers systems integration decisions would seem to get easier - but they don't.  With each decrease in requirements for custom hardware, expanding functionality and especially increasingly complicated software take up the slack.  In many cases, the entire system is not even at one location, networks and now the Internet have seen to that.  Concerns about integration, support, stability, longevity and expectations for expansion and upgrade can often lead us to consider 
  • Platforms - hardware (standard or custom), operating systems (general or real-time), portables, built-ins (communications, storage, interfaces)
  • Application software - Standard programs (as-is or extended), integrated libraries, custom code, firmware, development tools, user controls
  • External support - Mechanical mounts (static and dynamic), complex optics (telescopes, microscopes, projectors), environmental control (temperature, shock, vibration, light, radiation), power conditioning, mass storage
  • Regulatory requirements - health and safety (FDA, UL, CE), quality (!SO-9000), environmental, electromagnetic compatibility, labeling, records retention, reporting

X-ray Imaging

X-ray Imaging Technology

Long used in mainstream medical applications, electronic x-ray imaging systems are increasingly finding use in science and industry.  In all fields, improved geometric and exposure measurement accuracy has supported more complex processing of image data including, now, substantial increases in computer decision making.  It has long been the goal to replace the wide variety of x-ray imagers with flat plates connected to computers.  This now seems likely in the near future.  As a result, new applications are arising and equipment options are expanding leading to a need to consider new options in
  • Radiation converters - phosphors and scintillators (crystalline or powder), photoconductors (thick film and crystalline), liquids, plastics, fiber optics, storage plates
  • Radiation sources - x-ray tubes with large or small spots, stationary or rotating anodes, isotopes, linear accelerators, neutron generators, power supplies (AC, constant potential, pulsed), filters, collimators, optics 
  • Radiation control - cabinets, shields, barriers, interlocks, limiters, meters, procedures, licenses, training, monitors
  • Software - processing and analysis optimized for noisy images, validated and verified, DICOM, system control, reconstruction, tomographic, volumetric, visualization, normalization, performance verification

Imaging Test Equipment

Imaging Test Technology

Product specifications mean nothing without proper test tools and repeatable procedures.  Often, some test facilities must be included in the product itself to provide verification at startup or on request that the data being received is truly representative of the object being imaged.  Conformance to recognized performance requirements with the use of standard test objects is increasingly being required.  We can help identify which objects and procedures are suitable for your products and assist in establishing test procedures and record management.


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